The majority of plural nouns are simple as you simple +S and it becomes plural, for instance:

  • DOG + S = DOGS
  • CAR + S = CARS
  • HOUSE + S = HOUSES

 

However, nouns that end in -S, -SS, -SH, -CH, -X, -Z end in +ES: 

  • BUS + ES = BUSES
  • PASS + ES = PASSES
  • BRUSH + ES = BRUSHES
  • TORCH + ES = TORCHES
  • BOX + ES = BOXES
  • FUZZ + ES = FUZZES

 

Some nouns that end in -O also require you to +ES:

  • TOMATO + ES = TOMATOES
  • ZERO +ES = ZEROES

 

Exceptions:

  • PHOTO + S = PHOTOS

 

There are also some nouns that require you to double the consonant:

  • GAS = GASSES

 

Nouns that end in CONSONANT + Y require you to use +IES:

  • ABILITY = ABILITIES
  • CITY = CITIES
  • ENERGY = ENERGIES

 

There are some nouns in -F end in -VES

  • KNIFE = KNIVES
  • SHELF = SHELVES

 

There are also some nouns that do not change even in plural form:

  • FISH
  • SHEEP
  • SERIES
  • SPECIES
  • DEER

 

The irregular plural nouns are:

  • CHILD = CHILDREN
  • FOOT = FEET
  • MAN = MEN
  • MOUSE = MICE
  • PERSON = PEOPLE
  • TOOTH = TEETH
  • WOMAN = WOMEN

 

Be careful and avoid typical errors, such as:

  • CHILDRENS
  • FISHES
  • PERSONS
  • SHEEPS

 

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