The majority of plural nouns are simple as you simple +S and it becomes plural, for instance:

• DOG + S = DOGS
• CAR + S = CARS
• HOUSE + S = HOUSES

 

However, nouns that end in -S, -SS, -SH, -CH, -X, -Z end in +ES: 

• BUS + ES = BUSES
• PASS + ES = PASSES
• BRUSH + ES = BRUSHES
• TORCH + ES = TORCHES
• BOX + ES = BOXES
• FUZZ + ES = FUZZES

 

Some nouns that end in -O also require you to +ES:

• TOMATO + ES = TOMATOES
• ZERO +ES = ZEROES

 

Exceptions:

• PHOTO + S = PHOTOS

 

There are also some nouns that require you to double the consonant:

• GAS = GASSES

 

Nouns that end in CONSONANT + Y require you to use +IES:

• ABILITY = ABILITIES
• CITY = CITIES
• ENERGY = ENERGIES

 

There are some nouns in -F end in -VES

• KNIFE = KNIVES
• SHELF = SHELVES

 

There are also some nouns that do not change even in plural form:

• FISH
• SHEEP
• SERIES
• SPECIES
• DEER

 

The irregular plural nouns are:

• CHILD = CHILDREN
• FOOT = FEET
• MAN = MEN
• MOUSE = MICE
• PERSON = PEOPLE
• TOOTH = TEETH
• WOMAN = WOMEN

 

Be careful and avoid typical errors, such as:

• CHILDRENS
• FISHES
• PERSONS
• SHEEPS

 

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