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The basis of the English language is in understanding the verbs and how we can form sentences. the first verb we usually begin with is the verb to be as it is one of the most commonly used verbs.

 

We can form to be with the full form I am or the contraction I´m

SUBJECT TO BE CONTRACTION
I AM I’M
YOU ARE YOU’RE
HE/SHE/IT IS HE’S
WE ARE YOU’RE
YOU (ALL) ARE YOU’RE
THEY ARE YOU’RE

 

 

Present simple: talking about everyday activities

 

What do we use the present simple for?

We use the present simple to talk about habits, routines and everyday situations

 

We use the present simple to talk about habitual actions

I always brush my teeth at 7am

I usually do sport twice a week

 

We use the present simple to talk about routines

I start work at 8am every day

I finish work at 9pm every day

 

We use the present simple to talk about permanent situations

I work in a language school in Spain

I live in a small and friendly city

 

We use the present simple to talk about truths

Water boils at 100ºC

Water turns to ice when it freezes

 

Form:

+ I usually sing a song in the shower every morning. I normally shower as soon as I get up.

I don’t watch TV every day. He doesn’t read as much as he wishes.

? Do you listen to music on a daily basis? Does your girlfriend like staying at your house?

 

Warning: Be careful with the third person (He, She, It)

We add an …s or an …es to the end of verbs

 

The majority of verbs are simple as you simple +S and it becomes the third person, for instance:

SING + S = SINGS

WEAR + S = WEARS

WALK + S = WALKS

 

However, nouns that end in -S, -SS, -SH, -CH, -X, -Z end in +ES:

AMUSE + S = AMUSES

PASS + ES = PASSES

BRUSH + ES = BRUSHES

TOUCH + ES = TOUCHES

FIX + ES = FIXES

BUZZ + ES = BUZZES

 

For instance:

My sister plays the guitar.

Alicia brushes her teeth every morning.

 

Be careful: have is an irregular verb with He, She and It

We use: He has a car. She has long hair. It has a great view.

 

The auxiliary also changes in the negative and the interrogative, for instance:

The negative uses the auxiliary do not/don’t or does not/doesn’t

 

SUBJECT AUXILIARY VERB
I DO NOT/DON’T STUDY
YOU DO NOT/DON’T STUDY
HE/SHE/IT DOES NOT/DOESN’T STUDY
WE DO NOT/DON’T STUDY
YOU (ALL) DO NOT/DON’T STUDY
THEY DO NOT/DON’T STUDY

 

The interrogative is formed using do or does:

 

AUXILIARY SUBJECT VERB + ?
DO I STUDY?
DO YOU STUDY?
DOES HE/SHE/IT STUDY?
DO WE STUDY?
DO YOU (ALL) STUDY?
DO THEY STUDY?

 

Be careful: with the verb have we use the negative auxiliary do not/don’t or does not/doesn’t, not haven’t or hasn’t

We only use have not/haven’t or has not/hasn’t of their is a participle afterwards, for example:

I have not got a pet.

 

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Make sure that you understand how adverbs and time expression work:

 

Adverbs of frequency:

Adverbs of frequency are used to talk about the frequency with which we do certain actions. They are essential for talking about daily routines and the present day.

*Be careful with word order. Between the subject and verb

 

BE:

I am always tired when I finish work.

He isn’t usually late for school.

VERBS:

You never get up at 5:00 am.

We almost never make dinner for our parents.

 

Time expressions: be more specific

We usually use time expressions at the end of a sentence, for example:

I go to work in the morning.

I speak Spanish every day.

 

Once a week = one time per week

Twice a week = two times a week

Every day

Very often

In the morning/afternoon/evening

At night

All day

This week/month/year

 

Warning: it is not the same to use every day or everyday

every day = all the days of the week

It is a time expression and goes at the beginning or the end of a sentence.

I spend time with my family every day.

 

everyday = normal/usual

It is an adjective and goes before a noun

it is an everyday activity.

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